Biography of Sultan Selim II / Extra History of Sultan Selim II

Biography of Sultan Selim II. Welcome to Biography category. Today we will discuss life and achievements of  Sultan selim II. In this article i will share Extra History of Sultan Selim II.

• Title: Sultan

• Date of birth: 28 May 1524

• Date of death: December 15, 1574

• City: Istanbul

• Country: Turkey

• Zodiac sign: Twins

Detailed Biography of Sultan Selim II :

Sultan Selim II was born on 28 May 1524 in Istanbul. His father is Suleiman the Magnificent and his mother is Hürrem Sultan . Hürrem Sultan is of Slavic origin. He was a sultan of medium height, light forehead, blue eyes, thin eyebrows and blond. He was brought up with an excellent education and upbringing in his princedom. In order to learn the state administration thoroughly, he served as a sancakbey in various parts of Anatolia. Meanwhile, he continued his education and increased his knowledge and experience. Sultan Selim II, also known as Sarı Selim. Selim came to Istanbul on the news of the death of his father, the Sultan of Cihan, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman, which he received when he was the sancakbeyi of Kütahya , and came to the throne on September 30, 1566, when he was 42 years old. Sarı Selim was a weak and weak ruler compared to previous Ottoman Sultans.During his father's reign, Sultan Selim II, who was easily succeeded by the elimination of his other brothers, Şehzade Bayezid and Şehzade Mustafa, displayed a rather faint administration compared to his grandfather Yavuz Sultan Selim and his father Kanuni.Thanks to the great statesmen of the period, the Ottoman Empire continued its splendor, and experienced viziers such as Sokullu Mehmed Pasha kept the government alive. Sultan Selim II himself never went on an expedition and the disaster of İnebahtı occurred in the Captain-i Deryalık of Ali Pasha, who was not qualified. He died on December 15, 1574, after 8 years of reign. He was buried in Hagia Sophia. Sultan Selim II is the first Ottoman Sultan to die in Istanbul.

The Conquest Of The Island Of Chios :

The Ottomans, a great power in the seas, had taken a significant part of the Mediterranean islands. Chios, which was in the hands of the Genoese, was not taken, but was kept under control by a commercial agreement with a certain amount of tax. Chios served as an important commercial warehouse in the Aegean Sea. The states that could not be capitulated also brought their goods to Chios and from there to the Ottoman ports through Venice, Genoa, Dubrovnik merchants.The Genoese on the island did not pay their taxes regularly and attacked the Ottoman forces whenever they had the chance. In the face of this situation, a navy sent under the command of Piyale Pasha conquered this place. Piyale Pasha was appointed vizier (1568).

Indonesia And Yemen Exhibition :

Sea voyages continued II. It continued during the Selim period as well. The expeditions to Indonesia and Yemen were the main ones. A force of 15-20 pieces was sent under the command of Hızır Hayreddin to help the Muslim Aceh State in Indonesia. Thus, Ottoman dominance and power extended to the Far East (1569).The struggles in the Indian Ocean, which started in the time of Kanuni, continued during the reign of Sultan Selim II. An expedition was organized after the uprising in Yemen. The uprising that broke out there was suppressed (1570).

Conquest Of Cyprus :

Cyprus was in the hands of the Venetians. After the conquest of Egypt, Cyprus, which gave taxes to the Mamluks, began to pay taxes to the Ottomans. While Lala Mustafa Pasha was a supporter of the Cyprus Campaign, with the thought that the Cyprus campaign, which was very important economically, strategically and geographically, would be easy, Sokullu Mehmed Pasha was opposed to the conquest of Cyprus, fearing that it would lead to a new Crusade.In October 1570, all the cities in Cyprus, large and small, were taken, and Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus, fell into the hands of the Ottomans. However, Famagusta, one of the most important cities of Cyprus, had not been taken yet. Ottoman troops under the command of Lala Mustafa Pasha, with the arrival of auxiliary troops, began to besiege the Famagusta castle from land and sea. After a siege that lasted for about a year, Famagusta had to surrender (August 4, 1571). Turks settled on the island.

The Sea Battle Of  Inbahti :

The conquest of Cyprus resulted in the preparation of a Crusader fleet in Europe. The Crusader navy under the command of don Juan included ships belonging to the Venetian, Spanish, Maltese, Papal and other Italian governments. Although Pertev Pasha and Uluç Ali Pasha, the valuable commanders of the Ottoman Navy, wanted defense during this encounter, Kaptan-ı Derya Ali Pasha wanted an attack.The two fleets met in the Gulf of Inebahtı, located at the northern gates of the Peloponnese, Central-Greece and the southern gates of Karlıeli (October 7, 1571). After the fierce battles, Admiral Ali Pasha and his companions were martyred. The Ottoman navy received an unexpected blow and many of its ships were sunk. Uluç Ali Pasha, who succeeded in saving his ships by showing great success in the war, was brought to the Captain-i Derya by Sokullu Mehmed Pasha.Sokullu Mehmed Pasha asked him to prepare a new navy. Sokullu to Uluç Ali Pasha, who said that a large number of materials were needed for this and that it was difficult to prepare such a navy in a short time; “We can make the anchors of the whole navy from silver, the ropes from yarn, and the sails from satin. If the material of the ship does not reach, come and get it from me.” is important in terms of showing the power of the Ottoman Empire at that time.

Sokullu Mehmed Pasha asked him to prepare a new navy. Sokullu to Uluç Ali Pasha, who said that a large number of materials were needed for this and that it was difficult to prepare such a navy in a short time; “We can make the anchors of the whole navy from silver, the ropes from yarn, and the sails from satin. If the material of the ship does not reach, come and get it from me.” is important in terms of showing the power of the Ottoman Empire at that time.Sokullu Mehmed Pasha, sent to the Venetian ambassador, said about the Battle of Lepanto: “We cut off your arm by taking Cyprus, you shaved your beard by defeating us in Lepanto. The cut arm is not replaced by a new one, but the cut beard grows thicker.” However, it was not easy to replace the thousands of sailors lost after the Inebahtı disaster, and the new navy, which was composed of inexperienced and levents, could not bring the Ottomans to their former power in the Mediterranean. It was no longer involved in major projects such as the Indian Expeditions that would direct European politics and dominate trade routes.

Channel Project's : 

Thea aim of the Russians, who took Astrakhan from the Turks, was to go south. The Ottoman Empire decided to organize an expedition to Astırhan 13 years later. Along with this expedition, the merger of the Don and Volga rivers was also considered. In this way, the Black Sea and the Caspian would be connected to each other, and the Ottomans would be able to dominate the interior of Asia. The danger of Iran would disappear, and the dreams of the Russians to go south would vanish.The job of opening the canal was given to Defterdar Kasım Bey. Despite the fact that one-third of the canal was completed, the negative propaganda of the Crimean Khan that the winter would be very long and cold had a negative effect on the soldiers and workers. With the arrival of winter, the project was left unfinished and was not continued.The idea of ​​opening the Suez Canal was also brought to the agenda during the reign of Sultan Selim II. The project presented by the Governor of Egypt on the subject was destroyed because Sokullu Mehmed Pasha did not give enough importance to this issue. Sultan Selim II is 14. 892.000 km from his father Suleiman the Magnificent. he took over the imperial lands as a square to his son, Sultan Murad III, 15,162,000 km. left as square.

Zoning Studies (Architecture) :

Sultan Selim II was also interested in the development and construction of the country. In 1569, he started to work on connecting the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea with a canal. The Hagia Sophia Mosque was restored and two minarets were added. Edirne Selimiye Mosque, one of the greatest works of Mimar Sinan , which continued to produce beautiful architectural works after the death of Suleiman the Magnificent, was built for Sultan Selim II, who loved Edirne very much and stayed there from time to time (30 October 1574). Again, during the reign of Sultan Selim II, works such as Eyüb Zal Mahmud Pasha, Konya Selimiye Mosque, Lüleburgaz Sokullu Mosque and Complex, Karapınar Sultan Selim Mosque, Payas Sultan Selim Mosque and Complex, Kasımpaşa Piyale Pasha Mosque were also built.Apart from these, the repair of the waterways of Mecca-i Mükerreme, the marble domes of the Masjid-i Haram, the construction of the Nicosia Selimiye Mosque, the Aziz Efendi Lodge, the tower that he had built in a position overlooking the Navarin Harbor are among the charitable works.