Biography of Sultan Ahmed III \ Extra History of Sultan Ahmed III

 Biography of Sultan Ahmed III. Welcome to Biography category. Today we will discuss life and achievements of Sultan Ahmed III. In this article i will share Extra History of Sultan Ahmed III.

• Title: Sultan

• Date of birth: December 30, 1673

• Date of death: 1 July 1736

• Country: Turkey

• Zodiac sign: Goat

Sultan Ahmed III was born on December 30, 1673. His father is Sultan Mehmed the Fourth and his mother is Emetullah Rabia Gülnuş Sultan. His mother is Cretan. Sultan Ahmed III, the real brother of Sultan Mustafa II, was tall, had black eyes, a born nose and wheat complexion. He was an extremely intelligent, sensitive and elegant person. Sultan Ahmed III, who had a good education and training, took lessons from famous teachers. Sultan Ahmed III came to the throne in Edirne when he was 30 years old on 22 August 1703, upon the death of his elder brother, Sultan Mustafa II. Sultan Ahmed III, who was the sultan during the Tulip Era, which had an important place for the Ottoman Empire, was a calligrapher and poet. He wrote poems under the pen name "Necib". He was also very interested in music.He loved both himself and the poems of Nabi Efendi from Urfa, one of the Divan poets. His youth was rather free compared to other Ottoman princes. Since the tradition of killing the princes was abolished, he led a comfortable life.Since he was interested in everything he wanted, his knowledge and manners increased. He had the opportunity to examine the developments in Europe and made great efforts to bring the printing press to the Ottoman Empire.

 Sultan Ahmed IIII, who had been on the throne for 27 years, withdrew from the sultanate on October 1, 1730, at the end of the Patrona Halil revolt.The first days of Sultan Ahmed III's reign were spent with efforts to appease the janissaries who were completely out of discipline. However, he could not be effective against the janissaries who made him sultan. Çorlulu Ali Pasha, who was appointed as the grand vizier by Sultan Ahmed III, tried to help him in administrative matters, made new arrangements for the treasury and supported Sultan Ahmed III in his struggle with his rivals. During the reign of Sultan Ahmed III, there was tension in relations with Russia. The reason for this was that Russia followed a policy of expansion over Central Asia, tried to Slavicize the societies in the Balkans, and wanted to go down to the open and warm seas.

The War Of Prut :

Russia wanted to create a ground in its own favor in its struggle with the Ottoman Empire. By provoking the Orthodox communities living in the Ottoman Empire, he would weaken the Ottoman Empire and take back the lands he had lost before in the wars. When the Russian Czar Peter the Great, who provoked the Wallachian and Moldavian Beys against the Ottomans, defeated the Swedish King Fixture Charl in the Battle of Poltova, Fixture Charl took refuge in the Ottomans.After the Russian troops chasing the Swedish King raided the Ottoman lands, the Ottoman State declared war against Russia (1711). Baltacı Mehmed Pasha, who was brought to the position of Grand Vizier, crossed the Danube with an army of 100,000 and entered Wallachia, while the Ottoman navy sailed to the Black Sea. The Ottoman forces, with the support of the Crimean Army, surrounded the Russian troops on the banks of the Prut River. Russian Tsar Peter the Great, who had no salvation for the moment, wrote a letter to Moscow, describing the difficulty and despair of the situation. Czarina Katarina the First intervened and offered peace to the Ottoman Empire.

 Both the Crimean Khan and the Swedish King were advocating the attack and the destruction of the Russian army.However, Baltacı Mehmed Pasha did not trust the janissaries. Baltacı Mehmed Pasha, who thought that a new holy alliance could be formed during the siege and was worried that the Ottoman army would wear out, accepted peace (21 July 1711). With the signed Prut treaty, the Azov castle was given back to the Ottomans. The Russians would not have a permanent ambassador in Istanbul and would allow the Swedish King Charles to return freely to his country. After this success, the Ottoman Empire wanted to take back the Peloponnese peninsula, which was lost before. The attack of Venetian pirates on Ottoman merchant ships and the desire of the people of Peloponnese to come under the rule of the Ottoman State led to war against the Venetians (8 December 1714). Silahtar Ali Pasha conquered Morea by taking Modon, Koron and Navarin (22 August 1715).

Pasarofca Agreement :

Upon Austria's request for the Morea to be returned to the Venetians in accordance with the Treaty of Karlowitz, war was declared against Austria. Grand Vizier Silahtar Ali Pasha entered Hungary with the Ottoman army. In Peter Varadin, the Austrian army under the command of Prince Ojen defeated the Ottoman forces (5 August 1716), and Grand Vizier Silahtar Ali Pasha was martyred. After this defeat, Belgrade fell into enemy hands on August 18, 1717. Damat İbrahim Pasha, who was brought to the position of grand vizier instead of Silahtar Ali Pasha, offered peace.

 According to the Treaty of Passarowitz, upper Serbia, Belgrade and Banat plateau were given to Austria, Dalmatia, Bosnia and Albania coasts were given to Venice, Peloponnese remained under the Ottomans (July 1, 1718). In 1724, fights for the throne began in Persia. Taking advantage of this situation, Russia, who wanted to seize Iran, took action. The Ottoman Empire, which did not want Iran to fall into the hands of Russia, organized an expedition to Iran. According to the Istanbul agreement made with the Russians, the places taken in Azerbaijan would remain with the Ottomans, and Derbent, Baku and Dagestan would be left to the Russians.

Tulip Age :

After the Treaty of Pasarofca signed in 1718, a new era had begun in the Ottoman Empire. This period, which lasted 12 years until the Patrona Halil Rebellion in 1730, is called the Tulip Era. Sultan Ahmed III and Damat İbrahim Pasha were in favor of a peaceful policy. The Tulip Era also emerged as a product of these peaceful policies. In the Tulip Era, as there were developments in the fields of literature, culture and art, some innovations were carried out by being influenced by European states in technical matters. In this period, temporary envoys were sent to Europe for the first time.

 Upon the sultan's edict issued in the middle of 1727 for the establishment of a printing press in the Ottoman Empire, Sait Efendi and İbrahim Müteferrika, the son of 28th Mehmet Çelebi, the Paris Ambassador, established the first printing house (16 December 1727). A paper mill was established in Yalova during the Tulip Era. In order to bring the frequent fires under control in Istanbul, a fire department was formed among the Janissaries. Again, a fabric factory and a tile factory were opened in Istanbul. Many mansions, palaces and tulip gardens were built all around. In addition, the classical works of Eastern culture were translated into Turkish for the first time. The people in Istanbul were happy to experience such a period after years of war.

Boss Halil Uprising :

A group of people who were not satisfied with the era of pleasure and debauchery opened by Damat İbrahim Pasha, saw these things as waste. Upon receiving negative news from the Iranian campaign, this community started to form the basis of the uprising by making propaganda in mosques and other places. There was also unrest among the Janissaries. The Janissary of the 17th Agha Division Patrona Halil and his followers started the uprising on September 25, 1730, but they abandoned this attempt because of the fear that the people would not join them. Three days later, the rebels marched by the Khashoggler gate of the Bayezid mosque and officially started the uprising. Convincing the shopkeepers to join them by closing their shops, the rebels emptied the prisons and received help from the Janissaries. Although Hasan Pasha, one of the janissary aghas, took action against them, he was not successful. Upon these developments, Sultan Ahmed III asked the rebels to be asked what they wanted.

 The rebels demanded that 37 people be handed over to them, together with Grand Vizier Damat İbrahim Pasha. Damat İbrahim Pasha, one of the important figures of the Tulip Era, and some statesmen were executed and handed over to the rebels. The city was destroyed during the revolt. The rebels burned the Sadabad Mansion. In addition, Nedim, one of the Divan poets, died during the revolt. Patrona Halil and other rebel leaders demanded that Sultan Ahmed III, who fulfilled all his wishes this time, be dethroned. Sultan Ahmed III, who declared that he would abdicate if he and his family were not harmed, left the Ottoman throne to Şehzade Mahmud on October 1, 1730.

 Upon these developments, Sultan Ahmed III asked the rebels to be asked what they wanted. The rebels demanded that 37 people be handed over to them, together with Grand Vizier Damat İbrahim Pasha. Damat İbrahim Pasha, one of the important figures of the Tulip Era, and some statesmen were executed and handed over to the rebels.

Zoning Works (ARCHITECTURE) :

Sultan Ahmed III, who had a delicate and sensitive spirit, worked in harmony with Grand Vizier Damat İbrahim Pasha , and a unique understanding was brought to art, literature and social life during the Tulip Era. Sultan Ahmed III, Topkapi palaceand a library in the New Mosque, a fountain (Sultan Ahmet the Third Fountain), which is considered one of the masterpieces of Turkish art, opposite Bab-ı Humayun in Hagia Sophia, and a water dam called Deryayi Sim to meet the water needs of Istanbul. Apart from these, Üsküdar Yeni Valide Mosque, Çorlulu Ali Pasha Madrasa, Damat İbrahim Pasha Mosque and Complex, Daarül Hadis and Sebil, behind the New Post Office in Istanbul, the fountain in front of Ortaköy Mosque, the fountain in front of Hüsrev Ağa Mosque in Üsküdar Şemsi Paşa, and the Promenade next to Çubuklu Mosque. Works such as the fountain were also made in this period.

Sons: Abdulhamid the First , Mustafa the Third , Süleyman, Bayezid, Mehmed, İbrahim, Numan, Selim, Ali, Isa, Murad, Seyfeddin, Abdulmecid, Abdulmelik

Daughters: Emine, Rabia, Habibe, Zeyneb, Zübeyde, Esma, Hatice, Rukiye, Saliha, Atike, Reyhan, Esime, Ferdane, Nazife, Naile, Ayşe, Fatma, Emetullah, Ümmüselma, Emine, Rukiye, Zeyneb, Sabiha